Well, I am going to review an article that I got from
ACADEMIA related to our course “Semantics”.
This article is published by Abbdullah . Its title is “SEMANTICS
Semantics is the study of linguistic meaning of morphemes”. which is
talking about the word “Meaning of Morphemes”
I am interested to review this article because the title. I
think it is enough interesting to read and know more about semantics ( the
study of meaning). Actually so many explaination about this subject and I just
took some points of it that enough important.
SEMANTICS
Semantics is the study of linguistic meaning
of morphemes, words, phrases and sentences. Subfields of semantics are;
Lexical
Semantics is concerned with the meaning of
words, and the meaning relationships among words.
Phrasal or
Sentential Semantics is
concerned with the meaning of syntactic units larger than the word.
Pragmatics is the study of how context and situation
affect meaning.
MEANING
Conceptual Meaning: Conceptual
meaning covers those basic, essential components of meaning that are conveyed
by the literal use of a word. It is the type of meaning that dictionaries are
designed to describe. Some of the basic components of a word like needle in
English might include “thin, sharp, steel instrument.”
Associative
Meaning is
the type of meaning that people might connect with the use of words. The associative
meaning of an expression has to do with individual mental understandings
of the speaker.
Different people might have different associations or connotations attached to
a word like needle. They might associate it with “pain,” or “illness,” or
“blood,” or “drugs,” or “thread,” or “knitting,” or “hard to find” (especially
in a haystack), and these associations may differ from one person to the next.
These types of associations are not treated as part of the word’s conceptual
meaning.
TRUTH-
CONDITINAL SEMANTICS
Truth-conditional
semantics is a theory of meaning that takes
semantic knowledge of knowing when sentences are true or false as basic. It is
the study of conditions under which a statement can be judged true or false. It
is also called compositional semantics
because it calculates the truth value of a sentence by composing, or putting
together, the meaning of smaller units. The
study of truth or truth conditions in semantics falls into two basic
categories:
1.
The study of
different types of truth embodied in individual sentences:
a)
Tautologies
(Analytic Sentences)
b)
Contradictions
c)
Synthetic
Sentences
2.
The study of
different types of truth relations that hold between sentences.
a)
Entailment
b)
Contradictory
Sentences
